Preface
New to this Edition
Acknowledgment
PART I-BLUEPRINT READING
Chapter 1-Review of Basic Mathematical Procedures
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying, and Dividing Whole Numbers
1.3 Fractions
1.4 Determining the Perimeter of a Square or Rectangle
1.5 Determining the Area of a Square or Rectangle
1.6 Determining the Area of a Triangle
1.7 Determining the Area of a Circle
1.8 Determining the Circumference of a Circle
1.9 Determining Volume
1.10 Equations
1.11 Additional Problems
1.12 Applied Math
Answers to Self-test Questions
Chapter 2-Safety
Objectives
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Safety Rules for the Blueprint Room and Drafting Room
2.3 Safety Rules for Technicians on the Job Site
2.4 Safety-Federal Law
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 3-Linear Measurement
Objectives
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The English System and the Metric System
3.3 Reduced Scales
3.4 The One-inch Graduation
3.5 The One-foot Graduation
3.6 The One-yard Graduation
3.7 Linear Measurement Instruments
3.8 Decimals and Fractions
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 4-Angular Measurement
Objectives
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Angular Measurements in a Circle
4.3 Four Kinds of Angles
4.4 Angles of a Triangle
4.5 Using the Protractor
4.6 Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Measuring Angles
Chapter 5-Learning to Use the Architects Scale
Objectives
5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Architect's Scale Rule
5.3 Understanding the Architect's Scale Rule
5.4 Practicing with the One-inch Scale
5.5 Using the One-half Inch Scale
5.6 Using Other Scales
5.7 The Most Commonly Used Scales on the Architect's Scale Rule
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercise: Using the Architect's Scale
Chapter 6-Learning to Use the Engineer's Scale
Objectives
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Engineer's Scale Rule
6.3 What Makes the Engineer's Scale Unique
6.4 Using the Engineer's Scale Rule
6.5 Commonly Used Scales on the Engineer's Scale Rule
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercise: Using the Engineer's Scale
Chapter 7-Symbols and Abbreviations
Objectives
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Standardized Abbreviations and Symbols
7.3 Variations in Abbreviations
7.4 Variations in Symbols
7.5 Legend and Symbol Schedules
7.6 Abbreviations and Symbols Used Together
7.7 Examples of Abbreviations and Symbols
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Freehand Drawing of Symbols
Chapter 8-How Working Drawings are Created
Objectives
8.1 Introduction
8.2 What are Working Drawings?
8.3 How are Working Drawings Manually Created?
8.4 How are Working Drawings Created with a Computer?
8.5 Drawing Paper or Film Used for Working Drawings
8.6 Sepia Drawings
8.7 Who Makes Working Drawings?
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 9-Categories of Working Drawings
Objectives
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Major Categories of Working Drawings
9.3 Site Work Section
9.4 General Construction Section
9.5 Structural Section
9.6 Plumbing Section
9.7 The Mechanical Plan Section
9.8 Electrical Section
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 10-Sections, Elevations, and Details
Objectives
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Sections
10.3 Elevations
10.4 Details Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercise: Extra Chapter 10 Review
Chapter 11-Creating Construction Drawings
Objectives
11.1 Introduction
11.2 How Construction Drawings Got the Name "Blueprint"
11.3 The Diazo Process for Making Construction Drawings
11.4 The Electrostatic Printing Process
11.5 Other Methods of Printing Construction Drawings
11.6 Microfilm and Computer Disk Storage of Drawings
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 12-Who Uses Construction Drawings
Objectives
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Plan Review and Approval by the Owner
12.3 Review and Approval by Building Construction Agencies
12.4 Contractors for Bidding (pricing)
12.5 Equipment Suppliers
12.6 Construction Plans for Construction Contractors
12.7 As-built Drawings and Record Drawings Made From Construction Drawings
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 13-Specifications
Objectives
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Division 1 General Requirements
13.3 Division 2-Site Work
13.4 Division 3-Concrete
13.5 Division 4-Masonry
13.6 Division 5-Metals
13.7 Division 6—Wood and Plastics
13.8 Division 7-Thermal and Moisture Protection
13.9 Division 8-Doors and Windows
13.10 Division 9-Finishes
13.11 Division 10-Specialties
13.12 Division 11-Equipment
13.13 Division 12-Furnishings
13.14 Division 13 Special Construction
13.15 Division 14 Conveying Systems
13.16 Division 15-Mechanical
13.17 Division 16-Plumbing
13.18 Division 17 –Electrical
13.19 Responsibility and Liability
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercise: Matching Specifications
Chapter 14- Title Blocks
Objectives
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The Name of the ]ob
14.3 The Architect's And/or Engineer's Name
14.4 Sheet Tide
14.5 Numbering the Sheets in a Set of Drawings
14.6 Revisions
14.7 Dates on Working Drawings (Construction Drawings)
14.8 Names or Initials Found in the Tide Block
14.9 The Scale Used for the Drawing
14.10 The Architect's and Engineer's Seal
14.11 The Liability Note
Summary
Review Questions |
PART II-FREEHAND SKETCHING AND DRAFTING
Chapter 15- Types and Weights of Lines
Objectives
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Schedule of Lines Used in Drafting and Freehand Sketching
15.3 Lines Drawn with Pencils
15.4 Object Lines
15.5 Hidden Lines
15.6 Extension and Dimension Lines
15.7 Construction Lines
15.8 Projection Lines
15.9 Center Lines
15.10 Cutting Plane Lines
15.11 Break Lines
15.12 Border Lines
15.13 Schedule of Lines Used in Offices
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 16-0rthographic
Projection
Objectives
16.1 Introduction
16.2 The Viewing Plane
16.3 Combining Viewing Planes
16.4 Types of Lines Used in Orthographic Projection
16.5 Using Orthographic Projection to Construct the Three Basic Views
16.6 Selecting the Proper Views
16.7 Working Drawings and Orthographic Projection
Summary.
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Completing Orthographic Projection Views
Chapter 17-Oblique Drawings
Objectives
17.1 Introduction
17.2 How Oblique Drawings are Created
17.3 Using the Architect's Scale for Oblique Drawings
17.4 Lines Drawn on Oblique Drawings
17.5 Variations in Oblique Drawings
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Constructing Oblique Drawings
Chapter 18-Isometric Drawings
Objectives
18.1 Introduction
18.2 How Isometric Drawings are Drawn
18.3 A Variation of Isometric Drawings
18.4 Isometric Piping Diagram
18.5 Where Isometric Drawings are Used
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Freehand Sketching Isometric Views
Chapter 19-Lettering and Notations
Objectives
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Uppercase Lettering
19.3 Lowercase Lettering
19.4 Lettering Numerals
19.5 Size and Spacing of Letters and Numerals
19.6 Wording Notations for Blueprints
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Practice Forming Letters
Chapter 20-0rganizing a Drawing Sheet
Objectives
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Creating a Basic Schedule of Plans
20.3 A System for Organizing a Job
20.4 Organizing Individual Drawing Sheets
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Construction Project Plan Booklets
Chapter 21-Shading and Crosshatching
Objectives
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Crosshatching
21.3 Poché
21.4 Combination of Crosshatching and Poché
21.5 Shading Drawings
21.6 Procedures for Shading Oblique and Isometric Drawings
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Shading and Crosshatching
Chapter 22-Drawing Construction Elevations
Objectives
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Exterior Elevations
22.3 Interior Elevations
22.4 Mechanical Elevations
22.5 Electrical Elevations
22.6 Plumbing Elevations
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 23-Drawing Construction Details
Objectives
23.1 Introduction
23.2 What Details Should Be Drawn
23.3 Site Details
23.4 Structural Details
23.5 Architectural Details
23.6 Mechanical Details
23.7 Plumbing Details
23.8 Electrical Details
23.9 Locating Details on the Sheet
23.10 Drawing Details
Summary
Review Questions
Chapter 24-Freehand Sketching
Objectives
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Types of Drawings Created by Freehand Sketching
24.3 Freehand Sketches are Not Drawn to Scale
24.4 Lines Used for Freehand Sketching
24.5 Lettering for Freehand Sketching
24.6 Locating Notes on Freehand Sketches
24.7 Locating Drawings on a Page
24.8 Dimension and Extension Lines
24.9 Shading and Crosshatching Freehand Drawings
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Freehand Sketching
Chapter 25-Drafting with Instruments
Objectives
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Commonly Used Manual Drafting Instruments
25.3 Drawing Lines on Working Drawings
25.4 Time-saving Drafting Procedures
25.5 Drawing Heating and Air-conditioning Components
25.6 Equipment Room Plan
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Drafting with Instruments
PART III: READING AND INTERPRETING ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
Chapter 26-Reading Architectural Plans
Objectives
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Site Plan and Location Plan
26.3 Foundation Plan
26.4 Architectural Floor Plan
265 Wall Sections
26.6 Roof Framing Plan
26.7 Transverse and longitudinal Sections
26.8 Wall Sections and Details
26.9 Enlarged Floor Plans and Interior Elevations
26.10 Schedules, Sections, and Elevations
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Reading Architectural Plans
Chapter27-Ductwork Plans
Objectives
21.1 Introduction
27.2. Kind of Ductwork is Shown on the Plans
27.3 Shop-fabricated Sheet Metal Ductwork
27.4 Using the Duct Factor Chart
27.5 Measuring the linear Feet of Ductwork Required
27.6 Measuring Linear Feet for Duct Fittings
27.7 Ductwork Take-off Form
27.8 Determining the Total Weight of Metal Required for Ductwork
27.9 Cost for Materials for Shop-fabricated Ductwork
27.10 Labor Costs for Shop-fabricated Ductwork
27.11 Ductwork Insulation
27.12 Method for Taking Off Ductwork Insulation
27.13 Reading the Insulation Chart
27.14 Insulation Take-off Form
27.15 Cost for Insulation Materials
27.16 Costs of Labor for Installing Insulation
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Take-off Practice
Chapter 28-Reading Mechanical Plans
Objectives
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Reading the Mechanical Plans
28.3 Looking for Specific Systems
28.4 Following the Ductwork
28.5 The Supply and Return Air Outlets
28.6 Written Notes and Instructions
28.7 Other Information Shown on the Mechanical Plan
28.8 Mechanical Specifications
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises: Reading Mechanical Plans
Chapter 29-Reading Electrical Plans
Objectives
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Reading the Electrical Plans
29.3 The Electrical Wiring
29.4 Additional Information Shown on Electrical Plan
29.5 Electrical Specifications
29.6 Understanding the Plans
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercise: Reading Electrical Plans
Chapter 30-Reading Plumbing Plans
Objectives
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Looking for Specific Systems
30.3 Reading the Plumbing Plans
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercise: Reading Plumbing Plans
Chapter 31-Introduction to Load Calculations
Objectives
31.1 Introduction
31.2 Heat Transfer Basics
31.3 What You Will Need to Do a Load Calculation
31.4 Design Conditions
31.5 Building Orientation
31.6 Floor Area
31.7 Foundation Type
31.8 Floor Insulation
31.9 Ceiling Area
31.10 Ceiling Insulation
31.11 Net Wall Area
31.12 Wall Insulation
31.13WmdowArea
31.14 Window Construction
31.15 Shading Factor
31.16 Door Area
31.17 Door Construction
31.18 Duct Design
31.19 Number of Occupants
31.20 Infiltration Rate
31.21 Ventilation Rate
31.22 Miscellaneous Loads
31.23 Zoning
Summary
Review Questions
Additional Student Exercises
Appendices
Appendix A: Geometric Figures and Formulas
Appendix B: Conversion Tables
Appendix C: Abbreviations
Appendix D: Symbols
Glossary Index |
